General parameters

Release

10.0.3

Below are presented some key values used in the Standard Inputs and that can serve as a reference for other uses.

Inflation

The inflation levels have been calculated based on the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) [1], as the yearly difference in the HICP. The HICP data was extracted from Eurostat HICP - annual data (average index and rate of change) database (prc_hicp_aind).The annual change in the index is shown in Table 1.

Table 1:

Annual average inflation values

Year Index Rate of change
2022 118.80 9.19%
2021 108.80 2.84%
2020 105.80 0.36%
2019 105.42 1.47%
2018 103.89 1.89%
2017 101.96 1.71%
2016 100.25 0.25%
2015 100.00 0.10%
2014 99.90 0.55%
2013 99.35 1.50%
2012 97.88 2.64%
2011 95.36 3.10%
2010 92.49 2.09%
2009 90.60 0.98%
2008 89.72 3.54%
2007 86.65 2.34%
2006 84.67 2.20%
2005 82.85 2.17%
2004 81.09 2.01%
2003 79.49 1.96%
2002 77.96 2.08%
2001 76.37 2.19%
2000 74.73 1.90%

Exchange Rate Conversion

The currency exchange rates provided in Table 2 are based on the European Central Bank (ECB) rates that are published daily [2]. The rates shown in Table 2 correspond to the average rate for the year 2021 as published by ECB.

Table 2:

Average euro foreign exchange rate (2021)

Currency Currency-€ €-Currency
USD 0.89 1.12
GBP 1.22 0.82

Cost of fuel

The cost of fuel used in this document is based on the 2021 average jet fuel price handled by IATA [3], unless otherwise specified. All conversions are done using the values specified on this page.

Table 3:

Average jet fuel price

Currency Price per barrel Price per gallon Price per kg
USD 141.7 3.8 1.1
EUR 138.9 3.3 1.1

Conversion values

Table 4:

Units conversion values

From To
1 nautical mile (NM) 1.852 km
1 kilometre (km) 0.53996 NM
1 tonne (metric = 1 000 kg) of jet fuel 325.33 US gallons
1 235 litres
7.8 barrels
1 barrel (bbl) of jet fuel 42 US gallons
158.99 litres
0.1291 tonne = 129.10 kg
1 US gallon of jet fuel (US gal) 3.7854 litres
3.073 kg
6.7764 lb
Density of kerosene 0.812 kg/litre
1 litre of fuel (l) 0.26417 US gallons
1 kilogramme of fuel (kg) 2.2046 lb
1 pound of fuel (lb) 0.45359 kg

References

[1]
Eurostat, “Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices (HICP).” [Online]. Available: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/hicp. [Accessed: Dec. 12, 2022]
[2]
European Central Bank, “Euro foreign exchange reference rates,” European Central Bank. Mar. 2022 [Online]. Available: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html. [Accessed: Dec. 12, 2022]
[3]
IATA, “Jet Fuel Price Monitor.” [Online]. Available: https://www.iata.org/en/publications/economics/fuel-monitor/. [Accessed: Dec. 12, 2022]